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Browse All : Newspaper publishing and Printing - Technological innovations and oil on canvas
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Title
Friederich Koenig and the Cylindrical Press
Creator
Parrish, Douglas M., 1922-2001
Summary
After centuries of use, history's oldest printing machine, the hand press, was finally superseded when Frederich Koeing sold his first power-driven press to The London Times in 1814. Koeing's invention instantly lowered printing and composing costs by 25 per cent and made possible the production of cheaper and larger publications of every kind. His contributions to the graphic arts were presses with increased multiplying capacities which soon replaced manpower with machine power. From his inventions came today's entire line of modern, high speed printing machines.
Title
Ottmar Mergenthaler and the Linotype
Creator
Thom, Robert A., 1915-1979
Summary
On July 3, 1886 Ottmar Mergenthaler, an immigrant watchmaker from Wurttemberg, Germany demonstrated to the New York Tribune a machine which was regarded as one of the 10 greatest inventions of all time: the Linotype. Type for nearly every newspaper in the world and most books in the United States was composed by Mergenthaler's machine. His basic innovation was that of circulating matrices, pieces of brass punched with letters, figures and punctuation marks. When an operator tapped the Linotype's keys, the pieces were brought together into a line, automatically spaced, for faces which made a cast impression in type. The matrices were then automatically returned to the machine for future use.
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